A solution for overfishing (souce 3)

The link to the article is here.

This article is about how we can approach overfishing to insure survival of the fish. This solution is that we protect the older (and bigger) fish. The bigger fish can spawn many more births than a smaller fish, with heightened survival and growth rate. These bigger fish have a larger oil globule, a food source used by the babies when threatened with starvation. By reducing the number of big fish in the sea, we lose their superior offspring as well as shorten the spawning season, which further reduces the chance of the fish species’ survival. By continuing to catch larger fish, we are also altering the traits of the fish. Cod off the coast of Newfoundland had one of the largest populations of fish in the world. Their population has dwindled by 99 percent with 30-50 years of fishing. This has made the Cod smaller because they are being forced to mature at an earlier time. This is why we should not only protect the bigger fish, but the spawning fish as well. One way to protect the bigger fish is to get them back to the prime environmental spots that have been ruined by pollution. Another way is to use ocean zones to depict where not to fish, commercially fish, and recreationally fish.

Question I have from the reading?
Are the terms “ocean zone” and “marine protected areas” interchangeable?
What are other ways besides, establishing protection zones, can be used to ensure the survival of the bigger fish?

The Convention of the Law of the Sea (Source 2)

Click here to read the Article

The Convention of the Law of the Sea is the convention where the UN decides the laws of international oceans. These laws include regulation of Maritime Environments, and the protection of fisheries. According to the Convention articles 61 and 62, two of the main articles that deal with overfishing, state that A) that the maintenance of living resources (i.e. fish) in their exclusive economic zones are not subject to over-exploitation, and b) promote the optimum utilization of the zones without violating article 61.

Question I have from reading this:
What procedures do we need to take in order to make sure articles 61 and 62 are in full effect?
What Maritime jargon is important to know?

Overfishing Source 1

See link here

Around the world, the farming and catching of marine organisms are higher than any other food producing source. Amidst this production success, however, is the rapid decline of fish. This is due to overfishing and environmental degradation. Entire fisheries are being depleted, which is a major threat to the food supply of millions. The increase of destructive fishing techniques is also seen as the cause. The FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization) states that 70% of the all fish species are either exploited or depleted. The depletion of fisheries calls for an increase of Marine Protected Areas (MPA), according to the Johannesburg Plan of Implementation. This is because of the fact that less than 1% of the world's ocean and sea areas are MPAs. The Johannesburg Forum calls for nations to ratify the Convention for the Law of the Sea as well as other tools to promote maritime environment survival and restoration.

Things that would have helped to know while reading the article would be:
1. What is the Convention for the Law of the Sea?
2. What other solutions would restore fisheries besides increasing MPAs?
3. What species are being exploited the most? How can we reduce our dependency on that species?
4. If we cannot reduce, how do we insure its survival?

Mic Check

Hello